In the last decades of the global economy, the role of road transport in meeting the needs of transport is constantly increasing. This is due not only to the significant advantages of this type of transport in certain sectors of the economy, but also to the rapid development of road infrastructure, as well as progress in the constructive improvement of vehicles. The automobile is an ever-greater global challenge in modern times, but it is also one of the greatest engines of progress. This is due to many disadvantages, for example, the environmental impact, but at the same time, it is impossible to completely abandon cars as vehicles and human assistants. The article is devoted to the improvement of maintenance techniques in order to improve the technical readiness of existing vehicles. The scientific novelty of the work is the proposal to improve the organization and planning of the next TC and KTZ for cars at automobile enterprises based on the development of a schedule for carrying out the necessary technical repair of vehicles with technical maintenance. The proposed, considered methodology for drawing up a schedule for driving motor vehicles TC and KTZ makes it possible to ensure the rational use of the production and technical base of motor enterprises and labor resources. Key words: car, preparation, maintenance, repair, efficiency, schedule.

https://doi.org/10.48081/MVUG4508

2023

Issue 4

Small wind power plants represent an attractive alternative to autonomous electrification and water pumping, both as stand-alone installations and in combination with other energy technologies. One of the critical components of the installation is the storm protection provided either by removing the rotor from the wind flow, or by changing the angle of attack of the blades and reducing the rotation speed. Based on operational experience, the design of the wind wheel uses blades made of sheet steel with a concavity decreasing to the periphery and with a slight helical shape along the length. The article considers the operation of the storm protection mechanism designed to reduce the rotation frequency of the wind wheel at increased wind speeds. At different wind speeds, the wind flow affects the screen and by means of a thrust system, the blades of the wind wheel turn at a certain angle, up to the weather vane position (900). The developed storm protection mechanism comes into operation at wind speeds above 9-10 m/s. To ensure the normal operation of the mechanism, the calculation of the power generated by the wind flow was performed, the parameters of the spring that brings the mechanism to its initial position were determined. A technical result has been achieved, which consists in ensuring the protection of the installation from wind gusts and increasing the reliability of the installation.

https://doi.org/10.48081/JRHA6312

2023

Issue 4

This article presents the results of a study carried out on boring a stepped hole in a large part of the NP8 submersible pump bed. A design has been developed and a prototype of a special combined boring tool has been manufactured. A sample was also made - a blank from SCh15 for experimental research. Experimental studies were carried out in the laboratory base "Center for Working Professions "Mechanical Engineering"" NJSC "Karaganda Technical University named after. A. Saginova" on a screw-cutting lathe 1K625. As a result of experimental studies of the influence of cutting conditions on the hardness of the machined surface when boring a stepped hole, it was found that with increasing spindle speed and depth of cut, the hardness of the machined surface decreases, and with an increase in feed, the hardness of the machined surface increases. The optimal cutting conditions for processing a stepped hole ∅295 mm and ∅325 mm parts have been determined. NP8 submersible pump frame: S=0.26 mm/rev; n= 1250 rpm; t=1.0 mm. As a result of planning the experiment and evaluating the obtained data using the ANETR-5 program, the dependence of surface hardness on cutting conditions was obtained.

https://doi.org/10.48081/GWVL5486

2023

Issue 4

The article reflects the research of the possibility of using solar panels on small-class vessels in order to improve environmental safety. A mathematical model and algorithm for calculating the elements and characteristics of "small" passenger ships with various types of electric solar power plants have been developed. Scope of application: uninterrupted supply of electric energy to the consumer on ships. The results obtained in the work can be used for the development of renewable energy projects. To justify the rationality of using an electric motor and electrochemical energy sources, extensive field tests were carried out on the Irtysh River, during which the composition of equipment, passenger capacity, operational speed and the length of the line of operation varied.Based on the enlarged flowchart, the authors develop a program that allows for a quantitative analysis of the impact on the characteristics and elements of a "small" passenger vessel of various complexes of an atypical rowing rig using an electric motor as the main one. The program provides for the calculation of such economic indicators as the payback period of the vessel, the cost

https://doi.org/10.48081/ABVL5196

2023

Issue 3

This article discusses the processes of preparing the surface of a long rod before applying a gas-thermal coating. Mechanical, chemical, thermal, colloidal, as well as electromechanical methods of surface preparation before coating are considered. The most effective method is shot blasting. The most suitable equipment for shot blasting has been selected. An experiment was carried out on the processing of long rods of quarry equipment. The surface roughness of the repaired rod depends on the following parameters: impact force; the fraction flow rate; the distance from the sprayer to the treated surface; - the duration of processing of one section; the angle of spraying of the fraction; the type of fraction, its overall characteristics and hardness; the number of passes. The analysis of parameters affecting the processing process is carried out. The parameters that most affect the shot blasting process are selected. The impact force, the angle of attack of the nozzle, the processing time are the parameters that most affect the shot blasting process. Graphical dependencies based on the results of the experiment are derived. Planning of a multifactorial experiment was carried out, according to the results of which mathematical dependencies were obtained. According to the obtained mathematical dependencies, it is possible to obtain the necessary output parameters by setting certain input parameters to obtain the necessary accuracy characteristics.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NWSX1938

2023

Issue 3

This study is devoted to the study of the features of the oolitic iron ore of the Li-sakovskoe deposit. Experiments were carried out on the decomposition of oolitic ore in an air atmosphere with simultaneous control of temperature and sample weight. The total weight loss during firing was almost 15%. A detailed characterization of the chemical composition and mineralogy of raw and burnt ore was carried out using opti-cal and electron microscopy, X-ray phase analysis using a diffractometer. It was re-vealed that the main ore mineral of oolitic ore is goethite, which after oxidative roast-ing is transformed into hematite. Magnetite is another ore mineral; quartz is found among non-metallic minerals. Phosphorus is present in the form of iron hydrophos-phate and aluminum phosphate. A map of the distribution of the main elements in the original ore has been constructed. It is confirmed that the oolites are formed mainly by iron oxides, there are gangue phases, consisting mainly of silicon oxides, in addition, there are also complex oxide phases, where several elements (Fe, Si, Al) are present. The obtained data can be useful for developing the theory and technology of pyromet-allurgical processing of oolitic iron ores with a high phosphorus content.

https://doi.org/10.48081/OVIQ4178

2023

Issue 3

Reinforcing ropes are one of the most common types of products, consisting of seven steel wires widely used in engineering, construction, agriculture, and other industries. These products are in high demand in these industries due to their higher strength than reinforcing ropes consisting of 2 and 3 wires. In the production of Kaz-metiz LLP (Kaz-metiz), a wire was produced from two types of blanks (patented and chemically processed) to improve the mechanical properties of the rope. The blanks were tested for tension and bending. During the tensile test on the REM-100-M-1 stand, the first sample had high rates of breaking force and tensile strength of the wire. During the bending test, the ability of blanks to resist destruction under alternating deformations was determined. After the tests, rope samples with dimensions L = 520 mm and a diameter of 12 mm were made from these blanks for further testing for tensile, compression, and bending on the RGM-600-M-1 test bench. Based on the results of experimental and industrial studies, a type of blank was selected that meets the requirements for finished products manufactured by Kaz-metiz LLP (Kaz-metiz).

https://doi.org/10.48081/YSCT6829

2023

Issue 3

In this article, a methodological set of tests has been developed to determine the operational properties (endurance limit, cyclic resistance, fatigue crack growth rate, cyclic crack resistance, static light resistance) for compliance with the assessment of rail properties. RK 2432 - 2013 to conduct a set of tests for operational reliability (endurance limit, cycle resistance, fatigue crack growth rate, cycle resistance, static crack resistance) of old and RP65 rails, appropriate methods were used. For comparison, samples of rails of the RP65 type produced by ARBZ LLP (Aktobe Rail and Section Works) were used. According to the developed method, operational tests were carried out and the properties of the rails were analyzed for compliance with the standards. It is proved that in terms of mechanical and operational properties, old rails are inferior to rails of category RP65. Using the developed method, the reliability of the rails was tested. At present, many sections of the railway tracks of the Republic of Kazakhstan are laid with old R65 rails. Old rails include used rails with significant wear on the tread surface and the side surface of the head, etc. has practically expired and, accordingly, does not have sufficient reliability in the process of further use. In this case, on reused old rails, grinding and milling of the rail head are performed, which reduces their resource by reducing the thermally reinforced layer. In addition, old rails are actively used in the construction of new industries and the repair of access roads. Their use impairs the process of railway modernization, since old-style rails often do not have gaps and do not guarantee a long service life due to low operational reliability, and their replacement also requires additional repair costs.

https://doi.org/10.48081/XLNV6955

2023

Issue 3

Currently, the analytical approach to enterprise management is relevant. This ap-proach involves the use of a mathematical apparatus. Mathematical methods allow you to simulate the production process, to provide accurate solutions. The research results serve to substantiate management decisions. This article discusses the application of op-timal control technology for finding economic and technological indicators. The purpose of the work: the use of methods of mathematical programming in the management of production in the field of transport. The calculations used the real data of a particular enterprise. Objective functions and conditions of restrictions on variables reflecting the technological process of the enterprise are compiled. Analytical and graphical methods of solutions were used in the calculations. Research is carried out in the cases of linear and non-linear objective functions. The conditions of restrictions in accordance with the technology have a linear and non-linear form. Plans for production, plans for the sale of products are calculated, global extremes are found. The significance of the study lies in the fact that without a mathematical description of the processes, the modern level of management and planning cannot be achieved. The obtained calculations make it possi-ble to avoid risks when planning production. An accurate forecast will allow you to build the right strategy. This practical material can be used at transport enterprises to improve work efficiency.

https://doi.org/10.48081/DKXU4444

2023

Issue 3

This article includes one of the problems of casting ladles of ferroalloy production. It is the resistance of the lining to mechanical and high-temperature loads. The standard modes of operation and the frequency of replacement of the lining are described. Laboratory studies were carried out to find the quantitative composition of the protective layer. Several variants of compositions were tested to protect the lining from the contact of liquid metal and slag. The paper presents a literature review on the use of refractory coatings. The expediency of using the protective layer of pouring ladles is described in detail. The use of protective coatings for steelmaking is also presented as an example. At the moment, refractory coatings exist in an extensive range, with fire resistance in the range from 500°C to 1900°C. The article describes the different types used in modern times, such as aluminous, aluminosilicate, silicate, magnesite, chromite. This paper describes the use of protective coatings in industrial conditions, namely in casting ladles for the production of high-carbon ferrochrome. The optimal types and compositions of protective coatings are determined. The results of comparison with the standard modes of using pouring ladles and with the use of ladles with a protective layer are given.

https://doi.org/10.48081/RXHH7263

2023

Issue 3