The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of modern electric vehicle charging systems in the context of the global energy transition and sustainable development of the transport sector. The classification of charging equipment by three power levels—AC Level 1, AC Level 2, and DC Fast Charging—is considered, along with international standards for connector interfaces and communication protocols. The reliability of charging infrastructure is examined: it has been established that the first-time charging success rate (FTCSR) averages 71% globally and decreases by 15–20 percentage points by the fourth year of equipment operation. Technologies of smart load management (Smart Charging) and bidirectional integration of electric vehicles with the power grid (Vehicle-to-Grid) are analyzed, demonstrating their ability to reduce peak loads on distribution networks by 20–40%. Prospective, adaptive technologies, including solid-state batteries, wireless dynamic charging, and megawatt charging systems, are evaluated. A regional analysis of the charging infrastructure of the Republic of Kazakhstan is conducted, taking into account specific barriers such as a sharply continental climate, long intercity distances, and high wear of the base power grid. Practical recommendations are formulated for adapting charging technologies to operating conditions in the Central Asian region, considering future infrastructure development.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/606-618

2026

Issue 3

In this study, porous titanium carbide–based materials were fabricated by mechanical mixing of powder components followed by spark plasma sintering using ammonium carbonate as a pore-forming additive. A comprehensive analysis was carried out to evaluate the influence of planetary milling parameters, including rotational speed and processing duration, as well as the particle size of the pore-forming phase, on the morphological characteristics of powder mixtures, phase composition, and features of porous structure formation after sintering. Particular attention was paid to assessing the degree of system homogenization, the nature of particle agglomeration, and the preservation of initial components during mechanical treatment. It was established that the regimes of planetary mixing have a decisive effect on the distribution of the pore-forming phase within the powder system and the subsequent formation of the porous architecture of the material. It was shown that moderate mixing conditions promote the formation of a loose and uniformly distributed powder structure without significant degradation of ammonium carbonate. An increase in mechanical impact leads to partial destruction of the pore-forming additive and reduces the controllability of the pore formation process. This, in turn, ensures controlled decomposition of ammonium carbonate and the formation of a homogeneous open porosity during spark plasma sintering. As a result, optimal technological parameters for powder preparation were determined, providing a rational balance between mixture homogeneity, phase stability, and reproducibility of the porous architecture of the material.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/488-500

2026

Issue 3

This article presents the results of a theoretical study of the dynamic characteristics of an adaptive vibrating screen designed for sorting bulk materials under variable dynamic loading. A mathematical model of a two-mass oscillatory system has been developed, in which the traditional linear connection between the supporting frame and the screening surface is replaced by a controlled nonlinear elastic connection via geometrically nonlinear S-shaped elastic elements. Using an energy approach and the Rayleigh–Ritz method, the dependence of the system's effective stiffness on the deflection of the elastic element was analytically derived: keff(δ)=k1+3•k3•δ², where the coefficients k1, k3 are determined by the geometric parameters and mechanical properties of the material. A parametric analysis of amplitude-frequency characteristics was performed by numerical integration of the equations of motion using the 4th-order Runge–Kutta method, with material mass varying in the range mnom...1,4•mnom. The results demonstrate that the use of S-shaped elements provides automatic stabilization of vibration amplitude within ±8% when material mass varies by ±40%, as well as a 20-22% reduction in peak dynamic stresses in the screen frame compared to linear analogues. A computational assessment indicates the potential to reduce the metal consumption of the structure by 12-18% through adaptive load redistribution. The findings confirm the prospects of applying the proposed adaptive screen design in mining and processing industries under variable loading conditions, without increasing metal consumption or modifying the parameters of the vibration exciter.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/151-162

2026

Issue 3

This research paper is devoted to the comprehensive improvement of osteosynthetic plates used in the treatment of fractures of the distal radius. The relevance of this study is driven by the urgent need to mitigate the mechanical mismatch between conventional titanium implants and bone tissue, commonly known as the “stress shielding” effect. The paper details an integrated approach involving CT modeling within the Mimics environment and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the stress-strain state using PATRAN/MARC software. During the study, DICOM data from patients aged 60–80 were processed in Mimics to generate high-fidelity 3D models of bone structures. Based on this anthropometric analysis, an optimized plate design was developed, featuring an 11-degree anatomical contour and fixation holes oriented at a 5-degree angle. Biomechanical simulations performed via FEA in the NASTRAN/PATRAN system verified the ultimate strength of the VT1-0 titanium plate under bending and torsional loads. Furthermore, a comparative analysis between laser cutting and Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) was conducted, identifying laser technology as the superior method for maintaining surface integrity and biocompatibility. The findings provide a robust justification for the use of VT1-0 commercially pure titanium alloy in the production of biocompatible implants with optimized geometries. Its exceptional biocompatibility, superior corrosion resistance, and low elastic modulus distinguish it as an indispensable and highly efficient solution for modern osteosynthesis plate manufacturing. Keywords: implant, osteosynthesis, stress-strain state, VT1-0 technical titanium, biomechanics, bone tissues, plate.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/88-100

2026

Issue 3

In this study, the effect of arc process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of samples produced from low-carbon steel wire using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) technology was investigated. MIG/MAG welding and lathe machine facilities were used to establish deposition conditions like those of a WAAM system. The MIG/MAG welding machine acted as the heat source, while the lathe controlled the substrate motion to enable vertical layer-by-layer deposition. The samples were fabricated in MIG/MAG mode using a Magnetta 220 S welding system. During the experiments, the following process parameters were applied: welding current 53 A, voltage 14.8 V, torch travel speed 3.5 mm/s, and wire feed speed 3 m/min. Metallographic analysis revealed the formation of a directional solidification structure in the deposited samples. The microstructure mainly consisted of a ferritic matrix with pearlite colonies, which ensures a favorable balance between strength and ductility. Moreover, microhardness measurements ranged from 154–166 HV1, with an average of 161 HV1. The results show that the low-carbon steel produced by WAAM technology exhibits a relatively uniform microstructure and high mechanical strength characteristics.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/239-260

2026

Issue 3

The article considers the calculation and analysis of the load-bearing capacity of a protective device structure for armored weapons and military equipment under dynamic loading caused by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The relevance of the study is associated with the widespread use of UAVs in modern combat conditions and the need to develop effective protection systems for armored vehicles. The object of the study is a protective structure consisting of vertical and horizontal load-bearing elements connected by hinged-pin joints. To evaluate the strength and stiffness of the structure, the computer simulation method implemented in the SolidWorks Simulation software package was used. A three-dimensional model of the structure was developed to determine the stress-strain state under harmonic dynamic loading. The study includes an analysis of equivalent von Mises stresses and nodal displacements over time. The obtained results showed that the maximum equivalent stresses do not exceed the allowable values for St3 steel, while the resulting deformations remain within acceptable limits. It was established that the structure possesses a sufficient safety margin and stiffness, and the nature of the dynamic response indicates the absence of resonance phenomena. The developed protective device can be recommended for practical application to improve the protection of armored weapons and military equipment against the damaging effects of unmanned aerial vehicles.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/214-224

2026

Issue 3

The article examines the process of adapting leading international digital maturity assessment models (Capgemini, DigComp, etc.) to the specific characteristics of the Kazakhstani business environment. Kazakhstan’s high level of digitalization (24th place in the UN ranking) sets new requirements for the corporate sector. The study proposes tools for measuring employee competencies that can help domestic businesses successfully adapt to global digitalization. The authors apply a comprehensive approach that combines qualitative analysis of academic literature with quantitative assessment of digital development indicators. Particular attention is paid to four measurement clusters: digital technologies, educational resources, business processes, and competencies. The paper substantiates the importance of adapting foreign approaches to the local institutional environment and cultural context. Recommendations are presented for integrating assessment systems into the overall human capital development strategy of companies. The practical significance of the study lies in the applicability of the findings by HR departments and Chief Digital Officers (CDOs) of Kazakhstani enterprises to assess workforce innovation readiness and improve learning and development pathways.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/619-632

2026

Issue 3

This article presents the results of studies on thermodynamic modeling of the technology for producing chromium-nickel ferroalloy by the metallothermic method. The main objective of the study is to determine the optimal conditions for the efficient conversion of chromium and nickel compounds into the metallic state through thermodynamic analysis of metallothermic reduction processes. The metallothermic method is based on the reduction of metal oxides using active reducing agents under high-temperature conditions. This method is widely used in ferroalloy production and makes it possible to obtain high-quality alloys containing valuable components. Thermodynamic modeling allows determining the probability of chemical reactions occurring in the system, equilibrium conditions, and the effect of temperature on process efficiency. The calculations and analyses performed make it possible to establish the feasibility of reducing chromium and nickel oxides by the metallothermic method, as well as to determine the optimal temperature and composition parameters of the process. In addition, the obtained data provide a scientific basis for selecting the composition of the initial raw materials, justifying the amount of reducing agent, and controlling the melting process. This makes it possible to refine technological regimes under industrial conditions and increase metal yield. The research results are aimed at improving the efficiency of chromium-nickel ferroalloy production, reducing energy consumption, improving the quality of the final product, and ensuring environmental safety.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/446-459

2026

Issue 3

This article presents the results of the synthesis, X-ray diffraction, and thermodynamic study of the cuprate-vanadate manganite compound LaВаCuVMnO7.5. Using a chemical method, a new cuprate-vanadate manganite, LaВаCuVMnO7.5, was synthesised. The structure was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. X-ray diffraction patterns were indexed analytically. Based on X-ray diffraction indexing, it was established that cuprate-vanadate manganite crystallizes in a cubic system with the following lattice parameters: LaBaCuVMnO7.5 – а=14,99±0,02 Å; Vo=3367,85±0,06 Å3; Z=4; Voel.cell=841,96±1,58Å3; ρx-ray=4,46; ρpycn.=4,45±0,007 g/cm3. The temperature dependence of the heat capacity of LaВаCuVMnO7.5 was studied using a serial IT-S-400 calorimeter in the range of 298.15-673 K. The instrument was calibrated by determining the thermal conductivity of the heat meter. For this purpose, experiments were conducted with a copper sample and an empty ampoule. Five parallel experiments were performed at each temperature (in 25 K increments), the results of which were processed using mathematical statistics by calculating the average value. The device’s performance was verified by determining the heat capacity of α-Al2O3. Based on the experimental data, equations describing the temperature dependences were derived. λ-shaped anomalies characteristics of second-order phase transitions were detected in the temperature dependences of the heat capacity of the studied compounds. The values of the thermodynamic functions H°(T)-H°(298,15), S°(T), Ф**(Т) of the studied cuprate-vanadate-manganite were estimated using a calculation method. The results of the study are important for further research into the electrical properties of this compound and are also of interest for predicting valuable physicochemical properties and certifying the laboratory prototype of LaВаCuVMnO7.5

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/424-434

2026

Issue 3

This article analyzes modern designs of air-sieve grain cleaning separators operating in primary and secondary cleaning modes. It is shown that the efficiency of grain separation depends significantly on the coordination of the aerodynamic characteristics of the components with the airflow parameters and sieve kinematics. An engineering methodology for calculating and optimizing the design and operating parameters of aspiration channels is proposed, allowing for increased separation of light and difficult-to-separate impurities while minimizing losses of the main crop. Based on an analysis of scientific research in the field of pneumatic separation and vibration separation, the author proposes an approach to optimizing the design and operating parameters of the separator, ensuring improved cleaning quality and reduced losses of the main crop. Principles for coordinating airflow parameters, aspiration channel geometry, and sieve surface kinematics are formulated. A graph was constructed showing the distribution of grain heap components by their air velocity and the position of the operating air velocity in the pneumatic duct. It was visually demonstrated that it is the difference in air velocity between whole grain and impurities that determines their separation by the air flow. It is shown that the use of improved aspiration schemes and rational operating modes allows for increased removal efficiency of light and difficult-to-separate impurities. It has been proven that comprehensive consideration of aerodynamic and mechanical factors is the key to improving the productivity and quality of grain cleaning.

https://doi.org/10.48081/NiTK3.2026/261-274

2026

Issue 3