The article presents the advantages and disadvantages of motorization, while the car is presented as a source of increased danger. The role of the driver of a motor vehicle in ensuring road safety is revealed. The main causes associated with the driver, as well as indirectly depending on the driver, influencing the occurrence of road accidents, are considered. Recommendations are given to ensure the reliability of the driver's work. The necessity of psychophysiological selection of the driver of a motor vehicle is substantiated. Among the types of professional selection, psychophysiological selection occupies a special place. This is due to the fact that psychophysiological studies make it possible to quickly and objectively measure a large number of psychophysiological properties. Psychophysiological characteristics of a person can quantitatively express professionally important qualities and for professions of the "man-machine" system have a fairly high prognostication. The need for the use of non-invasive measuring devices to determine the degree of reliability of the driver of a motor vehicle is also substantiated. The reliability of the driver's work is consistent with one of the main laws of psychophysiology - the success of work depending on mental stress. The article also discusses measuring devices for determining the psychophysiological state of a non-invasive driver.

https://doi.org/10.48081/CIFL5767

2025

Issue 1

During the production of ferroalloys, significant amounts of fine metallic dust are generated, leading to material losses and necessitating the development of efficient recycling methods. One promising approach is the agglomeration of dust waste followed by its reuse in the metallurgical process. This study explores the potential for processing aspiration dust (AD) generated during the crushing of high-carbon ferrochrome (HCFeCr) by briquetting it with the addition of dust from baghouse filters of dry gas cleaning systems (BFD). The physicochemical analysis of AD revealed that it is highly dispersed and chemically similar to standard HCFeCr grades. However, its low wettability and specific grain shape make independent briquetting challenging. The addition of BFD enhances interparticle adhesion, improves the mechanical properties of the briquettes, and serves as an additional source of chromium and slag-forming components, eliminating the need for recycled slags during remelting. The use of polymer-based binders results in briquettes with high mechanical strength, exceeding standard requirements by 2-3 times. The proposed recycling method reduces chromium losses, minimizes waste generation, enhances resource efficiency, and can be integrated into existing ferroalloy production infrastructure. Thus, the developed technology contributes to the rational utilization of secondary materials and reduces environmental impact.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BVUY4821

2025

Issue 1

This article presents an integrated approach to the mathematical modeling of the wear process during rotary metalworking using a tool with a self-rotating cutting edge. The developed model combines the dynamics of rotation of the cutting plate, based on the calculation of the moments created by the main components of the cutting forces, taking into account inertial effects and friction in the bearing assembly, as well as the local wear process, characterized by a stochastic description of the contact of the tool with the workpiece. Special attention is paid to the effect of self-rotation, which ensures uniform load distribution over the entire circumference of the cutting edge, significantly reducing local overloads and prolonging tool life. The mathematical model describes the dynamics of rotation and wear accumulation using a probability-theoretical approach, which allows taking into account both deterministic and random aspects of the cutting process. The Euler method is used to numerically solve the equations of dynamics and wear, and the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate random fluctuations in contact. The implemented Python program demonstrates the practical applicability of the proposed approach by visualizing the wear distribution along the angular coordinate, the dynamics of the angular velocity of the tool, and the wear evolution of individual segments. The results obtained can become the basis for the development of recommendations for optimizing turning and other types of machining using tools with a self-rotating cutting edge.

https://doi.org/10.48081/EOCX3643

2025

Issue 1

This paper examines the effect of 3D printing process parameters using the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method on the tensile strength of polylactide (PLA) samples. Three key factors are considered: filling density, wall thickness, and printing speed. A three-factor experiment with two levels was conducted, during which samples were printed and mechanically tested. Based on the experimental data, a linear regression equation was obtained that allows one to quantitatively assess the effect of each factor. Analysis of the equation coefficients showed that wall thickness has the greatest effect, an increase in which leads to a decrease in strength. Filling density has a positive effect on mechanical properties, but the effect is less pronounced. Printing speed does not have a significant effect, which is confirmed by statistical analysis. Graphical analysis of the dependence of factors on strength confirmed the adequacy of the model. The physical explanation of the obtained results is associated with the features of the formation of the structure of products during FDM printing. Optimization of parameters allows one to increase the strength of printed parts, which is important for engineering and biomedical applications. The obtained results can be used to adjust the technological process for the production of functional products using the FDM method, and can also be used to optimize printing parameters in order to improve the quality and reliability of products manufactured using the FDM method.

https://doi.org/10.48081/HEXW7700

2025

Issue 1

As the technical parameters of conveyor systems for transporting agricultural raw materials develop, the quality of grain gradually improves, the efficiency of the complex design of the belt conveyor increases, the costs of loading operations are reduced, and continuous loading and unloading systems are improved. The purpose of the article is to study the efficiency of transportation and the productivity of the process of moving grain cargo, with the improvement of the design and technological scheme of the belt conveyor when clogged with grain dust. Using methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison, the basic concepts and applied studies of the performance of a belt conveyor according to operating parameters were investigated to substantiate optimal design and technological actions that ensure a reduction in energy intensity and substantiate the economic efficiency of agricultural production, assessing the quality of the crop directly in the post-harvest cycle of grain production. The results indicate that the study made it possible to determine the dynamic loads that lead to failures of conveyor elements, clogging of roller supports with dust, and belt ruptures. The possibility of implementing processes for cleaning bulk grain cargo during transportation, storage and processing of a batch of grain to prevent additional dust formation is considered, because a small part of the outer surface of each grain is erased. A review and analysis of research into existing technologies showed the impact of design features on the productivity and quality of grain transportation. Modification of the rollers on the ascending branch of the belt working body reduces grain losses on both sides when sliding on the drive drum.

https://doi.org/10.48081/XRTS6041

2025

Issue 1

The article is devoted to the main directions of increasing the service life and wear resistance of machines and materials used in the mining and processing industry of Kazakhstan.The article discusses the processes and technology of flame deposition of metal powders, and establishes promising modern gas-thermal methods for creating a hardened surface layer of machine parts. Based on the conducted studies of the gas-thermal method of applying wear-resistant coatings, a new design of the impeller of a centrifugal ground pump has been developed. As a result of the feasibility study of the use of gas-thermal surfacing, the efficiency of using plasma jets of electric arc plasmatrons with a power from 10 to 60 kW, providing adhesion strength up to 500 MPa and an economic efficiency coefficient of 0.56, has been established. The angles of entry and exit of the blades profiled in a brachystochrone and a logarithmic spiral have been optimized, which reduces the impact of solid particles. The use of a self-fluxing PG-Zh 40 alloy with chromium boride CrB2 significantly increases the service life of pumps. Data on the service life of pump parts in various operating conditions are presented, as well as research results confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method. The resulting developments can be applied not only in the mining industry, but also in the oil and gas, construction and metallurgical industries, where equipment is subjected to intense wear.

https://doi.org/10.48081/PCLU8470

2025

Issue 1

The article reflects the problems associated with the pollution of water resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan by solid household waste. Mainly plastic. The author conducts research work within the framework of state funding under the program "Tauelsizdik urpaktary". The project is being implemented on the territory of the NAO "Toraigyrov University". The work involves the development of a device for cleaning garbage from reservoirs on the basis of a pontoon vessel with an electric drive and solar panels. The use of an electrically powered vessel will increase the efficiency of cleaning coastal areas of reservoirs, as well as their cleanliness. The aim of the work is to develop and manufacture a prototype of a pontoon vessel with equipment for cleaning reservoirs from garbage and algae, with an electric motor and solar power panels, having access to reservoirs located in protected areas, with subsequent commercialization. Admission to the reservoirs of nature protection zones has a competitive advantage, since the use of power plants on traditional fuels in these territories is prohibited. Solar power panels allow you to use the complex continuously without recharging from the mains. The analysis of analogues of the developed vessel is given, layout schemes are presented, design features are described, statistical data on the amount of solid household waste are presented.

https://doi.org/10.48081/FKBH7323

2024

Issue 4

The article focuses on the results of a study of the effect of electroslag surfacing modes on the penetration depth of restored teeth, conducted on the basis of a full factorial experiment (FFE) type 22. The welding current and the voltage on the slag bath were selected as factors. Each experiment was repeated three times, and the results were analyzed to build a regression model that takes into account all interactions of factors. The article describes in detail the process of encoding variable factors, constructing a planning matrix, calculating the coefficients of the regression equation and checking them for significance using the Student's criterion. The adequacy of the experiment was confirmed by calculations using the Fisher criterion (Fcalculated<Ftable). According to the results of the experiment, it was found that the stress on the slag bath has the most significant effect on the total depth of penetration. The optimal mode has been determined (welding current 400 A and voltage on the slag bath 45 V), which provides the required penetration depth (46.3 mm) of a large-modulus tooth. The convergence of the results of the full-scale test with the results of planning a full factor experiment of type 22 was revealed, which made it possible to determine the optimal surfacing mode. This study can be used to optimize the parameters of electroslag surfacing, which will lead to an increase in the quality and efficiency of restoration of worn teeth.

https://doi.org/10.48081/SAVK7252

2024

Issue 4

This article provides an analysis of previous research in the field of development of milling cutting devices for cutting used asphalt. The kinematic parameters of the working body of the attachments, the physical and mechanical properties of asphalt, and the design parameters of the working body are considered. Based on a mathematical model compiled on the basis of a system of equations describing the movement of a hinged working body, its optimal parameters have been developed. Mathematical modeling of the milling working body of bucket excavators is an important tool for optimizing and improving the excavation process. Modeling allows you to take into account various parameters such as bucket size, rotation speed, cutting depth, angle of attack and other factors that affect the productivity and quality of the working body. Using mathematical models, it is possible to optimize the shape and design of the milling working body in order to increase its efficiency and reduce wear. Modeling also allows the analysis of stresses and deformations in the working body, which improves its strength and durability. One of the main tasks of mathematical modeling of a milling working body is to optimize the cutting process in order to achieve maximum productivity with minimal energy consumption and equipment wear.

https://doi.org/10.48081/PKOJ7473

2024

Issue 4

This article proposes an energy-technological criterion for evaluating the efficiency of a Ferroalloy electric furnace. Its physical essence lies in the fact that, taking into account heat loss and the degree of extraction of the leading element into the alloy, it determines the proportion of energy received from the current source, the useful part of which is the carbon-thermal ore reduction process of ferroalloy production (ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferromanganese). Using the example of obtaining various grades of ferrosilicon, the results of analyzing the parameters of melting ferroalloys in electric furnaces by a carbon thermal process using energy-technological criteria for the operation of a ferroalloy furnace are presented. It is shown that with an increase in the values of the energy-technological criterion of the ferroalloy furnace, the specific energy consumption per 1 ton of alloy decreases. For an electric furnace of medium power melting 75% ferrosilicon, the values of the energy technology criterion of the ferroalloy furnace correspond to the range from 0.300 to 0.314. At the same time, the specific power consumption ranges from 9.0 to 8.6 MWh/ton of alloy. A satisfactory, but more efficient version of the furnace operation is the range of energy technology measurements from 0.272 to 0.293, at which the specific power consumption varies from 9.8 to 9.2 MWh/t. Such a complex value as an energy technological measurement can be considered as the main element of the energy and technological audit of a ferroalloy furnace unit, as well as used to determine the effective operating modes of furnaces, analyze the use of various types of charge materials (ore raw materials, carbon reductants) and innovative melting technologies

https://doi.org/10.48081/GNWN1428

2024

Issue 4