This article investigates the synthesis of silicon carbide through the efficient processing of microsilica, a technogenic waste by-product of silicon production at «Tau-Ken Temir» LLP. High-purity microsilica and P804T-grade carbon were utilized as the starting components. The powder mixture was blended in a WiseMix BML-2 planetary mill at 200 rpm for 24 hours, followed by processing in a «Labox 650, Sinter Land» spark plasma sintering system. Sintering was conducted at a temperature of 1800 °C, a pressure of 50 MPa, and a holding time of 10 minutes. Thermodynamic analysis, performed using the Thermo-Calc software package, demonstrated that 1800 °C is the optimal temperature for silicon carbide formation in the Si-C-O system. Furthermore, the results confirm that the selected technological parameters intensify reaction kinetics and ensure complete phase transformations. The study revealed that the resulting material possesses high density (3.22 g/cm³), hardness (286 HB), and a homogeneous nanostructure. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the predominant phase is β-SiC (98.2 %). Microstructural studies showed that the average particle size is 108.4 nm, and the material is characterized by a dense, virtually defect-free structure without pores. The absence of electrical conductivity (<0.5 MS/m) indicates high material purity. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the spark plasma sintering method for converting metallurgical waste into high-value-added materials, while also confirming the potential of this technology for energy conservation and environmental optimization of production.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2238

2026

Issue 2

This article examines ways of improving the productivity of a automobile manufacturer’s assembly line through the re-engineering of technological and logistical operations. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of automated transport systems, including the EMS (Elevated Monorail System) conveyor and AGV (Automated Guided Vehicles), which are used in modern car manufacturing. The assembly shop at Hyundai Trans Kazakhstan, where automation elements have been implemented as part of the Industry 4.0 concept, is examined as the subject of the study. An analysis is carried out of changes to the production system before and after modernisation, including an increase in the number of assembly stations, the introduction of robotic systems and changes to the structure of in-shop logistics. Based on literature sources and practical data, the effectiveness of using EMS and AGVs within a unified production system has been substantiated. The research results demonstrate a reduction in transport operation times, an increase in the stability of the production flow, and a decrease in the level of work in progress. It has also been found that the most effective approach is a combined model utilising fixed conveyor systems and flexible transport vehicles. The conclusions drawn can be applied to the design and optimisation of production systems in the automotive industry. The proposed re-engineering model can be adapted for other enterprises in the automotive industry.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2244

2026

Issue 2

This article presents the results of a study of the tribocorrosion resistance of 30KhGSA alloy steel after diffusion thermocyclic electrolytic-plasma boriding (DTEPB). The aim of the study is to evaluate the influence of DTEPB parameters on the formation of the surface layer structure and its behavior under tribocorrosion conditions. The study utilized tribocorrosion tests with simultaneous recording of the friction coefficient and electrochemical parameters, potentiodynamic analysis, as well as scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive analysis. It was found that the treatment leads to the formation of a dense boride layer, which significantly increases the material's resistance to tribocorrosion destruction. Optimum characteristics are achieved with a 30% sodium tetraborate content in the electrolyte: the wear rate is reduced to 1.036×10⁻⁴ mm²/N m, and the corrosion rate is reduced to 0.00685 mm/year. It has been shown that increasing the number of thermal cycles reduces the defectiveness of the boride layer and enhances its protective properties. The formation of a two-layer structure (oxide and boride layers) reduces the friction coefficient and limits the development of tribocorrosion processes. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of DTEPB as a method for increasing the tribocorrosion resistance of alloy steels.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2228

2026

Issue 2

With the deteriorating quality of manganese raw materials and the predominance of iron-manganese ore in Kazakhstan's resource base (up to 70% of total reserves), the development of effective processing technologies is particularly relevant. This paper presents the results of laboratory studies on the selective extraction of iron and the production of rich manganese slag from iron-manganese ores via a carbothermic method using screened special coke as a reducing agent. It was found that, under optimal process parameters, effective separation of iron and manganese is achieved, forming a metallic phase containing up to 93.2% Fe. This process produces manganese slag with a Mn content of up to 38.3% and Fe of 0.68%. The resulting rich manganese slags are characterized by a high Mn/Fe ratio (12÷66), indicating their suitability for subsequent use in the production of manganese ferroalloys. This approach ensures the comprehensive use of iron-manganese ores through the simultaneous production of an iron-containing product and manganese slag and can be considered as a promising direction for increasing the efficiency of processing iron-manganese raw materials in Kazakhstan.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2232

2026

Issue 2

Corrosion of the body is an important problem during the operation and repair of wagons. Cleaning the body of a railway carriage before painting is the most important stage of preparation, ensuring the adhesion of paint to metal, removing rust, old coating, dirt and oils. High-quality cleaning prevents under-film corrosion, guarantees the durability of the paintwork and significantly prolongs the inter-repair life of the car. The article examines the process of gas dynamic cleaning of the metal surface of the railway carriage body. The process of interaction of the gas dynamic flow with the painted surface of the wagon body is considered. It is determined that the velocity of a particle that hits the surface of the body under gas pressure is ultimately determined by the velocity of the gas dynamic flow; the mass of the particle; the location of the particle in the flow; the surface area of the particle As a result, the dependences of the parameters of the flow effect on the old paintwork of the wagon, the actual cleaning speed and the productivity of the process were obtained.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2242

2026

Issue 2

Premature failure of cutting tools during the machining of difficult-to-machine materials is a major problem in mechanical engineering production, reducing manufacturing efficiency. To address this issue, thermofrictional machining with pulse cooling was proposed as an alternative to conventional machining methods. Although significant progress has been achieved, studies revealed problems on the cutting edges of thermofrictional tools, including crack formation, wear, and fracture. Therefore, this article focuses on improving the wear resistance of thermofrictional tools used in thermofrictional machining with pulse cooling. The cutting mechanism of this method is based on replacing external friction with internal friction by creating a cyclic “heating–cooling” process in the machining zone, which reduces cutting energy consumption. The study found that wear resistance can be improved by surfacing the cutting edges with a high-strength molten material. Experimental results showed that tools surfaced with STOODY M7-G material have a service life 1.5–2 times longer than conventional thermofrictional tools. However, the surfacing method is characterized by high labor intensity and production cost. Therefore, the development of an alternative technological method for improving tool wear resistance during manufacturing is justified.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2223

2026

Issue 2

This paper investigates the causes of wear in tricone drill bits and analyzes their dynamic stress-strain behavior during rock-breaking operations. The operational efficiency of drilling largely depends on the durability, reliability, and wear resistance of drilling tools; therefore, understanding the mechanisms responsible for bit deterioration is essential for improving drilling performance. The study examines the principal wear and failure modes of tricone bits, including tooth breakage, erosive wear, cone jamming, thermal cracking, and damage associated with metal contact. An analytical approach based on constitutive relationships for deformable media and a modified Johnson–Cook material model was employed to describe the stress-strain state of the rock-bit interaction zone. Numerical simulations were carried out using the ANSYS software package under specified axial loading and rotational speed conditions. The simulation results demonstrate that the highest equivalent stresses occur at the initial stage of tooth penetration into the rock mass, where the most intensive fragmentation process takes place. The obtained findings provide insight into the distribution of stresses within the contact region and enable the identification of critical structural elements subjected to elevated loading. The proposed methodology can be applied during the design stage to improve bit durability, optimize drilling parameters, and enhance the overall efficiency of drilling operations under challenging geological conditions.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2229

2026

Issue 2

This paper presents a ROS-based pipeline for reliable detection and robotic manipulation that combines classical computer vision with analytical grasp planning. The pipeline integrates RGB-based detection, 3D reconstruction, 6-DoF pose estimation, analytical grasp planning, and collision-free motion execution within a modular architecture. In contrast to purely learning-based approaches, the system emphasizes interpretability, deterministic performance, and deployment readiness without requiring additional data collection or neural-network retraining. Robustness to sensor noise, illumination variation, and partial occlusions is achieved through temporal stabilization of pose estimates and cross-modal consistency validation. The analytical grasp planner generates top and side grasp candidates and evaluates them based on force-closure stability, gripper constraints, inverse-kinematics feasibility, and collision avoidance in MoveIt. The selected grasp is executed through a structured pregrasp–grasp–lift–place sequence with recovery actions (re-detection, re-ranking, re-planning) in case of failure. The main contribution is a unified ROS architecture that closely links pose estimation with formal grasp-quality evaluation, providing deterministic operation, transparent decision-making, and easy adaptation to other prismatic objects and hardware platforms.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2227

2026

Issue 2

This article presents a finite element study of the hot-rolled strip cutting process using drum shears in order to determine the energy-force parameters required for assessing the loading of the working elements and electric drives of the equipment. The relevance of the study is determined by the highly transient and nonlinear nature of hot strip cutting, in which cutting force and torque are governed by tool kinematics, strip geometry, thermal conditions, contact interaction, and material fracture. A three-dimensional numerical model was developed in the DEFORM-3D software package using DIN-C45 steel from the material library. The contact interaction between the knives and the strip was described by the Siebel friction law. The Oyane ductile fracture criterion was used to describe material fracture. Local mesh refinement was applied in the expected fracture zone to improve the accuracy of describing plastic strain localization, damage accumulation, and crack development. The simulation results showed that the cutting process is characterized by short-term impulse loading, accompanied by a rapid increase and subsequent decrease in cutting force and torque on the drums. It was established that the maximum values of cutting force and torque do not coincide in time, which is explained by the change in the lever arm of the contact force during drum rotation. The obtained time-dependent load histories can be used as input data for assessing drums, shafts, gearboxes, and electric drives, as well as for developing control strategies aimed at stabilizing speed and torque during the most heavily loaded phase of the cutting cycle.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2215

2026

Issue 2

The article considers the process of rotary turning of external surfaces using a rotary non-tip adjustable turning tool with a chip breaker. The relevance of the study is related to the need to increase the durability of the cutting tool, reduce local overloads in the cutting zone, and provide more uniform use of the cutting edge. Existing turning methods are analyzed, including conventional, oblique, rotary, vibration-assisted, and precision turning. The rotary scheme with a self-rotating cutting insert is described in more detail, as it makes it possible to redistribute force and thermal loads along the circumference of the cutting edge. The design of the rotary non-tip tool is presented. It includes a rotating axis, a cutting insert, a bearing unit, a tool holder, and a mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of the cutting edge. To evaluate the performance of the tool, a wear model was developed. The model takes into account the dynamics of self-rotation, cutting force components, normal pressure, and the probabilistic nature of contact with the removed layer. A finite element analysis of the stress-strain state of the cutting insert was carried out for different diameters, inclination angles, and fixing schemes. It was found that increasing the insert diameter reduces maximum stresses, while the use of a rotary scheme with an adjustable bearing unit decreases the stress level by 9–12 times compared with rigid fixing. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed design for increasing tool life and improving the stability of the cutting process.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2220

2026

Issue 2