In this article, based on a study of the distributability of dust concentration around conveyor belt parts during loading and unloading of dusty goods in covered vehicles, the main effective factors of dust concentration distribution were identified. This study is important for studying the process of loading and unloading dusty goods using new technologies that help control the concentration of dust in a given environment. Measurements of the blowing or wind flow rate with an anemometer and, using a dust collector, the dust concentration using a membrane filter method were carried out to analyze the mechanism of distribution of dust concentration and the corresponding impact factors when working with dusty cargo. In accordance with the similarity theory, a model of the similarity of a conveyor belt roadway was created and various measurement points were established based on the spatial distribution of the model in this study. In addition, the distribution of dust concentration in the roadway model with various parameters was investigated by the filter membrane method. Conclusions were drawn from this process on air flow, dust concentration in covered freight wagons, and the main factors influencing the distribution of dust concentration and humidity with measurement of parameters at different conveyor speeds.

10.48081/WVFR9686

2025

Issue 4

The article examines the effect of rare earth metals (REM), such as cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd) and dysprosium (Dy), on the mechanical properties of steel 09G2C, using data from existing scientific research. The main attention is paid to the influence of non-metallic inclusions (oxides and sulfides) on the strength and wear-resistant characteristics of steel, 09G2C, widely used in the construction of critical structures such as the frame of locomotives. as well as the possibility of optimizing them through the addition of REM. Key improvements such as increased strength, heat resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance are considered when these metals are added to steel. The rationale for these effects is based on already published research results demonstrating how rare earth elements contribute to improving the performance of materials. The article also focuses on the importance of Kazakhstan's local REM resources for reducing the cost of alloying steel and dependence on imports. Special attention is paid to the solid steel alloying, as it offers significant improvements at a more affordable cost compared to neodymium and dysprosium. The findings can be used in the development of new alloy steels with specified performance properties.

10.48081/HESA1824

2025

Issue 4

In the article, optimal values of indicators for the location of working bodies for the application of seeds and mineral fertilizers in the sealing part were calculated and justified. These indicators make it possible to fully meet the agrotechnical requirements for the application of seeds and mineral fertilizers, reduce traction resistance and fuel consumption. First, the device of a wide-range planter, its main parts, working bodies for applying seeds and mineral fertilizers and its types were considered. Also, when designing a wide-range planter, the features of the soil and climatic conditions of the region in which this technique is planned to be used were studied. Taking into account the peculiarities of soil and climatic conditions, working bodies for the application of seeds and mineral fertilizers were selected, which fully comply with the conditions of agrotechnical requirements. Secondly, the main calculation parameters necessary for the optimal location of the working bodies for applying seeds and mineral fertilizers have been determined. Further, according to the calculations, the scheme of the optimal location of the working bodies for the application of seeds and mineral fertilizers in the back-cultivating part of the wide-range planter was substantiated. Last of all, according to calculations to substantiate the optimal arrangement of working bodies in the sealing part of a wide-range planter for sowing seeds and differentiated application of mineral fertilizers to different specified sealing depths, a 3D model was designed and an experimental sample was made. Further, field tests were carried out to verify the operation of the wide-range planter and the quality of the technological operation. During the field tests, the agrotechnical and energy parameters of the seeder were evaluated. The assessment of agrotechnical indicators was carried out according to GOST 31345, and energy indicators according to GOST R 52777. The research was carried out within the framework of grant project 217 "Development of science", project: AR08856407 "Development of a wide-range seed drill for sowing seeds and differentiated application of mineral fertilizers at different specified depths" in the period 2020-2022).

10.48081/RQPR6425

2025

Issue 4

The paper presents a general concept of a chlorination technology for the integrated processing of lead- and zinc-containing dust based on the results of previous theoretical and experimental studies. A technological scheme has been developed, and an economic efficiency assessment of the technology has been conducted. According to the technology, magnetic separation is first used to isolate the magnetic fraction from the dust, resulting in an iron-containing product with a high iron content (~70%). The non-magnetic fraction of the dust, obtained after magnetic separation and containing high levels of zinc and lead, undergoes low-temperature sintering (450-500°C) in the first stage, along with ammonium chloride, to produce lead distillates and clinker, which has a high concentration of zinc. In the second stage, high-temperature sintering (850-900°C) of the clinker with calcium chloride allows for the extraction of up to 98% of zinc into the distillates, resulting in a final product with a high zinc content (47.7% Zn). Based on the positive results of the developed technology for the disposal of dust from ferrous metallurgy with the production of marketable products, calculations of economic efficiency have been carried out. According to preliminary estimates, with a specific processing capacity of 10 tons per day, the annual economic efficiency amounted to $4,483,521.30 per year

10.48081/NETT2376

2025

Issue 4

In modern industry, the demand for efficient, rapid, and cost-effective production of complex-shaped and large-sized metal parts is steadily increasing. To meet this need, additive manufacturing technologies - particularly WAAM (Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing) - are being widely adopted. However, one of the major drawbacks of WAAM is the frequent occurrence of structural defects such as interlayer boundaries, anisotropy, microcracks, and porosity. In this context, the present study explores the potential for improving the structural quality of WAAM-fabricated parts by integrating MIG welding with interlayer rolling applied immediately after each deposited layer. The aim was to refine grain size and increase the density and homogeneity of the structure by subjecting the freshly deposited layer to plastic deformation. Samples made from ER70S-6 steel were analyzed using a Leica DMI8 optical microscope, and the structural effects of rolling were evaluated at both the macro and microstructural levels. The results revealed that in rolled samples, interlayer boundaries were eliminated, porosity and anisotropic features were significantly reduced, and a fine and homogeneous grain structure was formed. These findings confirm that interlayer rolling can be an effective tool to minimize structural imperfections in WAAM and enhance the final product quality. Future improvements may include the application of multidirectional pressure and numerical modeling of the deformation process for further optimization.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BEQG7389

2025

Issue 4

This article presents the studies of the physicochemical properties of granules obtained by granulation of aluminum slags. During the studies, the granules were subjected to hardening firing at high temperatures to understand the chemistry of the process. To study the physicochemical properties, samples of granules obtained from aluminum slags were prepared, which were subjected to microanalysis by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray phase analysis and derivatographic studies. The studies showed that the main phases in the granules are Al2MgO4, Al5,65Mg2,39O10Si1,45, MgO3Si, Al2,4O4,8Si0,6, Al2O3. The main part of the studied granules is represented by spinel, mullite, aluminum oxide, sapphirine. Moreover, spinels in the phase composition of sample №. 1 amounted to 25.4%, sapphirine 26.0%, aluminum oxides 25% and mullite accounts for 11.7 5, the rest is MgO3Si (11.9%). The theoretical temperature of the reduction of the main element of silicon by carbon is 1669 °C, and the complete destruction of mullite is achieved above 1500 °C. Therefore, granules obtained from aluminum slags are quite suitable for use as a batch in the production of ferrosilicon with aluminum. Keywords: Aluminum slag, granules, aluminum oxide, high-temperature firing, derivatogram.

10.48081/MMQL5744

2025

Issue 4

The problem of secondary processing of fine industrial waste remains a pressing issue for many metallurgical enterprises due to its impact on production efficiency and the environmental situation in the surrounding area. This is especially relevant for foundries, where coarse scrap—such as defective castings and sprues—is reused directly, while fine-grained waste from mechanical processing is typically discarded. A significant proportion of such waste is formed during the machining of high-carbon chromium steel ShH15, widely used in the manufacture of bearing parts. The operations of grinding, turning, and polishing result in the formation of fine powder-like particles that are difficult to recycle due to oxidation and contamination with lubricants and cooling fluids. An effective way to utilize this material is through the cold briquetting method, which consists of mixing the steel dust with binders and compacting it under pressure into briquettes suitable for melting in induction or arc furnaces. This approach not only reduces the volume of waste sent to landfills but also returns valuable alloying components to the production cycle, improving resource efficiency. Additionally, briquetting helps reduce the environmental burden and contributes to the development of closed-loop metallurgical technologies. When properly formulated, the resulting briquettes exhibit sufficient strength, low porosity, and compatibility with melting processes. Optimized compositions allow the use of briquettes as cost-effective charge material, promoting sustainable steel production practices [1;2;3].

10.48081/NFBN7376

2025

Issue 4

Optimization of parameters of dry high-gradient magnetic separation of technogenic manganese tailings of Zhezda concentrating plant (Mn - 10.6%, Fe - 2.7%, SiO ₂ - 59.8%) was investigated. Mineralogical analysis showed that manganese is concentrated mainly in weakly magnetic oxide phases (brownite, psilomelane), which justifies the use of powerful magnetic fields. Laboratory tests were carried out on the PC-V 12/10-12.018-2012 unit at inductions of 0.5-1.1 T according to the three-stage scheme. As a result of the main separation (1.1 T) and two purges (0.7 and 0.5 T), the manganese content in the final magnetic concentrate reached 29.07%, having increased by about three times compared to the initial one; total recovery of Mn was 66.82% and concentrate yield was 24.34%. The share of silicon oxide decreased from 59.8% to 33%, which significantly increased the metallurgical quality of the concentrate. Proposed technology of dry high-intensity magnetic separation ensures efficient processing of technogenic manganese wastes and production of commercial concentrate suitable for metallurgical processing.

10.48081/GDOV2218

2025

Issue 4

Amid the growing importance of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR), the modernization of train interval control systems (TICS) on Kazakhstan's railway network has become particularly relevant. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of existing TICS types, including semi-automatic blocking, various forms of automatic blocking (coded, impulse-wire, and automatic locomotive signaling as an independent system), as well as promising radio-based interval control systems. Based on official statistics and data visualizations, the study highlights the predominance of outdated technologies on key transit routes, including segments of the TITR. Several critical issues have been identified, such as the high proportion of single-track sections and the continued use of semi-automatic blocking, both of which limit line capacity. The study emphasizes the strategic importance of transitioning to digital traffic control and radio-based TICS. Special attention is given to national railway modernization policy, including initiatives to expand and construct new railway lines. The findings presented in the article provide justification for prioritizing the technical upgrade of segments critical to transit flows and may serve as a foundation for the development of digital transformation roadmaps for the railway sector.

10.48081/COBQ8854

2025

Issue 4

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of multilayer (TiAlSiY)N/CrN coatings subjected to gold (Au⁻) ion implantation at an energy of 60 keV and a fluence of 1×10¹⁷ ions/cm². The aim of the study was to investigate the microstructural changes and elemental redistribution induced by ion implantation in the structure and composition of the coatings. Analytical techniques included grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and ion range modeling using the SRIM code. The results showed that ion implantation led to the formation of an amorphous surface layer up to 20 nm thick, a reduction in crystallite size from ~8 nm to ~4–5 nm, and interlayer mixing accompanied by distortion of layer boundaries. SIMS and RBS analysis revealed selective nitrogen sputtering, redistribution of alloying elements (Si, Y), and gold ion penetration to a depth of approximately 20 nm. These findings demonstrate significant changes in the phase and elemental state of the coatings and may be used in the development of functional nanostructured coatings designed for operation under radiation exposure and aggressive environments.

10.48081/SFBX2679

2025

Issue 4