This article quantitatively studied the processes of compressing multicomponent natural gas on a screw compressor filled with synthetic oil under conditions of unstable fluctuations in inlet pressure. As for the relevance of the study, the periodic and random input parameters of compressors operating in gas transmission systems are associated with the question of a more accurate forecast of the operating state during deviations. Quantitative modeling was carried out based on computational hydrodynamics (CFD): the actual geometry of the screw pair, leaks in the holes, turbulent effects and thermodynamic properties of the multicomponent mixture were taken into account using portable calculation meshes. Temporary change of inlet pressure is represented by samples of periodic and conditional random changes. For gas mixture typical for West Kazakhstan fields (CH, 78%, C ₂ H, 8%, C, 4%, C, H, 2%, N ₂, 5%, CO ₂ 3%), calculations in stationary, harmonic (f = 12 Hz, Δ p = ± 12%) It was found that the pulsation gain in the unstable suction mode reached the level of K _ p = 1.95-2.30, the volume productivity decreased by 8-10%, the polytropic efficiency decreased by 7-9% and the specific scope of work increased by 6.3-8.9%. The effect of gas components on energy characteristics was quantified, and it was found that the results can be used for engineering solutions to optimize the operating modes of compressor equipment.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2218

2026

Issue 2

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies to substantiate the structural parameters of the combined inoculum section for the inoculum complex. The relevance of the work is due to the need to increase the efficiency and resource saving in the cultivation of grain crops in the conditions of the East Kazakhstan region. The modernized design of the sowing section is proposed, which includes an articulated bearing frame, a front cutting disk, two side sowing disks, a flat lancet hoe with a bifurcated point and a rolling roller. The key feature is the possibility of asymmetric mounting of the front disk relative to the longitudinal axis of the frame, which makes it possible to reduce the total length of the section and reduce its metal consumption. Theoretically, dependencies are determined to calculate forces acting on working elements in horizontal and vertical planes, taking into account the radius of the disks, depth of travel and angle of attack. Analytical expressions are obtained to determine components of traction resistance of left and right seed disks. It was experimentally established that the use of the developed design provides a stable depth of seed embedding (70 ± 1 mm) with varying the angle of attack of the seeding disks in the range of 6-10°. It was determined that the forced pressing force of the rolling roller, necessary to ensure the directional stability of the section, is 70-428 N. The research results can be used to modernize existing and create new sowing complexes for the conditions of Kazakhstan.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2217

2026

Issue 2

The production of feed or salt briquettes has many regulatory limitations and high requirements for the quality and condition of the final product. They must be strong and intact when transported and stored in a wet room. At the same time, they must maintain all taste and be attractive for animal nutrition. Accordingly, this requirement must be ensured by selecting the parameters of the entire complex of working equipment that makes up the production line. For example, salt briquettes, which include various mixers, before pressing of which uniform mixing and uniformity of feed additives is ensured. The moldable mixture contains several components, the concentration or bulk composition and amount of which can significantly affect the working process parameters of the mixer, and then the press equipment and the state of the final product - on feed or salt briquettes. The results of designing a new mixer shaft are presented, which make it possible to update the entire working process of the mixer and evenly mix it until the feed mixture is homogeneous even when the parameters of all components change. Based on experimental experience, regression equations were made that adequately characterize the work process in changing incoming factors after statistical processing of experimental data, and the limits of changing the studied factors were indicated. The composition of the ingredients of the mixture is selected to achieve the most effective indicators of the above goals.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2224

2026

Issue 2

This article discusses the issues of improving the efficiency of rubber-rope conveyor belts used in the mining industry. It also examines the design features and operating conditions of conveyor belts that affect their strength, durability, and wear resistance. The approach of alignment of maximum deformations in the cross-sections of conveyor belts, based on the rationalization of the arrangement of steel cables along the width of the belt, developed at the Department of Industrial Transport of the A. Saginov KarTU, is presented. The technique includes the division of the cross-section of the load into characteristic sections, the determination of loads using the Zhuravsky theorem, and the use of the principles of the theory of a flexible thread for calculating deflections. The proposed solution allows the belt to transition to a mode of equal bending resistance, which contributes to uniform deflections and wear across the width. The calculation results show that using this method can reduce the number of cables in the belt (for example, from 80 to 44 for a 1200 mm wide belt), reduce the weight and cost of the belt, reduce the energy consumption of the conveyor drive by 1.5 times, and reduce resistance to movement and dust generation. These theoretical results have practical significance and can be used in the design and modernization of belt conveyors.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2240

2026

Issue 2

The relevance of the study is due to the need to improve the effectiveness of traffic safety management systems in the context of increasing requirements for the reliability of rail transportation. The idea of the study is to apply an economically oriented approach to assessing the effectiveness of the traffic safety management system, in which the level of safety is considered as the result of an optimal allocation of resources between prevention, control and elimination of the consequences of violations. The article under discussion herein explores methodological approaches to assessing the effectiveness of a railway carrier's traffic safety management system. The economic approach is justified by comparing the costs and losses associated with traffic safety violations. A review of extant international methods for assessing safety levels has revealed limitations in terms of evaluating the managerial effectiveness of events. The adaptation of the Prevention–Appraisal–Defects model is proposed as a methodological basis, allowing the costs of prevention, control, and consequences of technical failures to be structured, as well as the optimal level of preventive investment to be determined. An algorithm has been developed to calculate the economic efficiency of measures to improve traffic safety. The practical applicability of the methodology has been demonstrated using the example of a railway carrier, which confirms the possibility of using the Prevention–Appraisal–Defects model as a tool for economic assessment and strategic traffic safety management.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2248

2026

Issue 2

The restoration of worn machine parts is an important task in modern mechanical engineering. It contributes to increasing the reliability and durability of equipment, as well as reducing operating and repair costs. One of the effective ways to solve this problem is the use of wear-resistant protective coating technologies, which improve the performance characteristics of the working surfaces of machine parts. This paper presents an analytical review of scientific publications from the past 15 years devoted to the study of methods for producing wear-resistant protective coatings designed to withstand conditions of severe abrasive wear. The aim of this study is to systematize and summarize current scientific data on coating formation methods designed to improve the wear resistance and durability of machine parts. The methods under consideration are broadly classified into traditional, modern, and innovative categories. Traditional repair methods include machining, welding, and surfacing, which allow for the restoration of parts’ geometric dimensions and a partial improvement in their wear resistance. However, despite their widespread industrial use, these methods are characterized by significant labor and energy costs, and may also lead to changes in the structure and a reduction in the strength properties of the base material. In response to growing demands for the operational reliability and service life of machinery and equipment, modern, innovative surface hardening and restoration technologies are being actively developed, including plasma spraying, electro-spark alloying, ion-plasma methods, gas-thermal spraying, electric arc metallization, and other surface modification techniques. The use of these technologies enables the creation of coatings with improved physical, mechanical, and tribological properties, resulting in a significant increase in the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and service life of machine parts.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2221

2026

Issue 2

The article examines the degradation of the organic phase during the solvent extraction of copper using L-SX-EW technology, as well as methods for maintaining its process efficiency. It is shown that the operation of oxime extractants leads to the accumulation of chemical degradation products and surfactants, resulting in poor phase separation and the formation of stable emulsions (crud). The study analyzes primary approaches to organic phase treatment, specifically the use of natural sorbents such as bentonite and diatomite. Laboratory experiments were conducted to treat the organic extractant with these adsorbents to evaluate their impact on the state of the organic phase. It was established that the use of mineral adsorbents can facilitate the removal of some contaminants generated during extractant operation. Bentonite, particularly after acid activation, was found to provide a significant reduction in the content of contaminants and improve the condition of the organic phase. Meanwhile, diatomite demonstrated relatively low sorption capacity and limited efficiency under the studied conditions. The findings are of practical importance for increasing the stability and operational efficiency of industrial SX-EW plants.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2239

2026

Issue 2

This paper presents an experimental study on the efficiency of aluminum dross processing using a drum separator for metallic aluminum recovery. The granulometric composition and distribution of the metallic phase across separation products were analyzed. The results show that the majority of metallic aluminum is concentrated in the coarse fraction (+6.5 mm), where its content reaches 85–90%, while in the fine dust fraction (–0.5 mm) it does not exceed 5%. The actual material distribution was 29.4% for the coarse fraction, 47.8% for the medium fraction, and 22.8% for the dust fraction. Chemical composition analysis of the initial dross revealed a high aluminum content of up to 58%, including up to 38% metallic aluminum, indicating significant recovery potential. It was established that mechanical separation ensures effective concentration of the metallic phase, redistribution of aluminum among fractions, and reduction of metal losses in fine particles. The obtained results confirm the technological efficiency of the drum separator and justify its application in combined aluminum dross processing technologies aimed at improving resource and energy efficiency in metallurgical production.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2219

2026

Issue 2

In this paper, a numerical study of the aerodynamic characteristics of an aircraft-type unmanned aerial vehicle using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods is performed. The geometric model of the UAV was developed taking into account the requirements for low-speed aircraft. The calculations were performed in the SolidWorks Flow Simulation 2025 software environment in the formulation of the external flow. During the simulation, velocity fields, static pressure distribution, and flow trajectories were obtained. Analysis of the results showed the presence of zones of local acceleration of the flow above the wing, as well as braking zones in the tail section of the vehicle. Special attention is paid to the analysis of pressure distribution, which made it possible to identify aerodynamically unfavorable sections of the structure. The results obtained show the operability of the chosen aerodynamic layout and the need for further optimization of the tail section, as well as calculations at various speeds and angles of attack.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2225

2026

Issue 2

This study presents a comparative SEM/EDS investigation of three technogenic materials generated in ferrous metallurgy: chromium-bearing aspiration dust, iron-manganese ore fines, and coal sludge. Unlike conventional studies that mainly consider these materials separately for recycling and agglomeration applications, the present work evaluates their microstructural compatibility and potential combined utilization in Fe-Cr-Mn-Si alloy production. The objective was to determine their morphological characteristics and elemental distribution in order to assess their suitability as secondary metallurgical raw materials. The samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The results revealed pronounced structural and chemical heterogeneity in all investigated materials. Chromium-containing dust consists of fine agglomerated particles and contains oxide, silicate, and Cr-Fe spinel-type phases enriched with Mg and Al. Iron-manganese ore fines exhibit alternating oxide and silicate regions, with Fe and Mn predominantly occurring as oxide phases, while Si and Al are associated with aluminosilicates. Coal sludge demonstrates a mixed structure composed of carbon-rich organic matter and mineral inclusions represented by aluminosilicate, quartz, and carbonate phases containing Si, Al, Mg, Ca, Fe. The obtained results indicate that these technogenic materials are multiphase and chemically complex systems. After appropriate preparation and agglomeration treatment, they may be considered promising secondary raw materials for Fe-Cr-Mn-Si alloy production.

https://doi.org/10.48081/BGQF2233

2026

Issue 2