This article presents a scientific and technical justification for the use of a sand-polymer composite material (SPC) as an alternative to steel for the manufacture of key load-bearing components (shells and barrels) of belt conveyor rollers, particularly those used in the mining industry. To confirm the feasibility of the concept, computer strength modeling of an LKR-1000 roller with SPC elements was conducted, followed by a comparative analysis of the stress-strain state (SSS) with a similar steel structure (S35 steel). For the modeling, the composite shell thickness was assumed to be 10 mm, while the steel shell thickness was 3.5 mm. Calculations were performed with loads varying from 200 to 600 kPa. The results showed that, despite the fact that SPC is a less rigid material and exhibits greater stresses (70 MPa versus 55 MPa for steel at 400 kPa) and displacements (0.64 mm versus 0.097 mm at 400 kPa), its factor of safety (FOS) remains at an acceptable level (FOS ≥ 1.5) for loads up to 600 kPa. At a maximum load of 600 kPa, the FOS for SPC is 1.6. A key advantage is the 37% reduction in the weight of the roller with composite elements compared to its steel counterpart, which contributes to reduced energy consumption and increased conveyor drive efficiency. The study scientifically substantiates the feasibility of using SPC in conveyor rollers, offering a lighter and more efficient solution for the mining industry. Key words: stress, deformation, displacement, shell, roller.

10.48081/BGQF1908

2026

Issue 1

This paper investigates the impact of stochastic permission-transfer delays on the capacity of a railway section. The study focuses on a single-track section equipped with semi-automatic blocking, which is characterized by a high variability of time intervals caused by operator involvement and the interaction of technical systems. An additional parameter accounting for the stochastic component of permission-transfer delays is introduced into the existing capacity calculation formula. This parameter is evaluated using normal, exponential, and empirical distributions constructed from an observation sample. A comparative analysis is performed to assess the influence of different delay modeling approaches on the actual capacity of the railway section. The results demonstrate that accounting for stochastic delays leads to a reduction in the calculated capacity compared to deterministic estimates and provides a more realistic representation of operational train movement conditions. Particular attention is given to the tail behavior of delay distributions, which has the most significant impact on timetable stability and operational performance. The proposed approach ensures the reproducibility of capacity calculations and can be adapted to various railway line configurations and train interval control systems. The findings confirm the relevance of applying a stochastic approach in railway capacity assessment.

10.48081/BGQF1933

2026

Issue 1

Проведены исследования термоинструмента для напыления порошков естественных минеральных сред в зависимости от их свойств. Использовалась горелка ракетного типа. Разработана пористая система охлаждения на основе сетчатых структур и пористых покрытий. Для проведения напыления покрытий применялись сверхзвуковые многофазные высокотемпературные пульсирующие факелы. В исследованиях применялся метод интегральных измерений и голографии. Система охлаждения работает при совместном действие капиллярных и массовых сил. Применялось давление кислорода 1.2÷1.5 МПа, критический диаметр сопла (4÷5)×10-3 м, диаметр камеры сгорания 14×10-3 м. Исследовалось нанесения напылением на вертикальную поверхность на определенной площади пятна растекания и оптимальном расстоянии факела до среза сопла. Установлена структура затопленной струи и ее спиновая детонация в виде участка бочек, вздутии струи на конечном участке и показан разрыв факела на центральном участке. Определена критическая толщина разрушения покрытия и построена эпюра распределения на поверхности покрытия напряжений. Напряжения сжатия являются наибольшими в нагреваемом слое, а по мере удаления от него эти напряжения резко убывают и переходят в напряжения растяжения, достигают некоторого максимума и затем убывают.

10.48081/BGQF1909

2026

Issue 1

This article systematically analyzes the factors that determine the sustainability of intermodal transportation of agricultural products in Kazakhstan. The study proposes a three-dimensional conceptual framework (economic, operational, and external – geopolitical/ecological), while the evaluation indicators are defined as timeliness, damage rate, total cost (USD/t), share of empty return, delay frequency, carbon footprint (CO₂, kg/t), and integrated risk level (1–5). Geographic specifics (lack of direct sea access, long routes, climate), route complexity, modal combinations, digital solutions (Astana-1, CIM/SMGS, KTZ Express, IoT/AI/WMS), regulatory and legal environment (TIR, COTIF/OTIF, EAEU), and operational “bottlenecks” (shortage of wagons/containers, port/ferry capacity, border procedures, workforce/automation, container turnover) are considered comprehensively. Case studies (KTZ Express – Xi’an Dry Port; DHL Rail Connected; Astana Agro – India; “Transco” – Afghanistan; KTZ Express – Turkey, LCL) are comparatively analyzed; based on the international benchmark (Germany, China, Finland, Poland, Singapore), a roadmap and a KPI dashboard for policy and management have been proposed. The analysis demonstrates that intermodal sustainability depends not only on infrastructure but also on legal-institutional and digital interoperability. The developed indicators and KPI dashboard are tailored for practical monitoring. The 2025–2027 roadmap provides conditions for measurable enhancement of the sustainability profile.

10.48081/BGQF1927

2026

Issue 1

Abstract The article presents the results of comprehensive experimental and analytical studies aimed at improving the performance and durability of steel components through the application of double-layer gas-thermal coatings. The lower layer acts as a damping barrier and consists of a copper–aluminum alloy in a 4:1 ratio, which provides high adhesion of the coating to the substrate, reduces residual stresses, and improves thermal compatibility between the materials. The upper layer is made of titanium carbide, forming a dense, strong, wear-resistant, and heat-resistant surface. The use of the gas-thermal spraying method made it possible to obtain coatings with uniform particle distribution, high structural density, and minimal porosity. Detailed studies of the microstructure and phase composition revealed the formation of a fine-grained structure with inclusions of titanium carbides, nitrides, and oxides that comprehensively strengthen the surface and increase its resistance to external influences. The analysis of mechanical properties showed a significant increase in hardness, adhesion strength, and corrosion resistance compared to uncoated samples. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the developed technology and its practical importance for restoring, protecting, and extending the service life of machine parts operating under conditions of high loads, friction, elevated temperatures, and aggressive environments.

10.48081/BGQF1910

2026

Issue 1

For single-track railway sections, the development of an optimal train timetable is a task of particular importance and constitutes a core component of train flow planning. On single-track railway sections, train conflicts, queueing delays, and overtaking of trains operating at different speeds and in opposite directions lead to an increase in overall delay. In this regard, the problem of developing a balanced timetable by regulating train speeds and optimally determining stations for overtaking operations is of significant relevance. The objective of this study is to design a balanced train timetable with a minimum delay coefficient, taking into account the influence of train running speeds. An optimization model is proposed that considers permissible speed constraints to determine the optimal running speeds of each train along the railway line. The proposed model aims to minimize total delay time while accounting for differences in train arrival times at stations, safety requirements, and speed relationships. The proposed model has practical significance in increasing the line capacity and carrying capacity of railway sections, as well as in improving transportation efficiency compared to existing methods and enhancing operational stability under conditions of uneven traffic flows.

10.48081/BGQF1932

2026

Issue 1

The article provides an analysis and forecast of the development of additive technologies and 3D printing by region, agroindustry and fields of activity, a systematic classification of additive methods by method of application and types of materials. An overview of the development of additive technologies in the world is given, as well as various methods of additive technologies for comparison. In addition, the parameters of additive processes, material properties and current issues are discussed, as well as an overview of research on the development of additive technology applications. The author's version of the identification of the stages of development of additive technologies according to generalized criteria is proposed. The relevance of using AM (Additive manufacturing) technologies for the restoration of agricultural machinery parts is substantiated, tasks are formulated to optimize the use of 3D printing of AM (Additive manufacturing) technologies in repair production and to create in modern conditions a rational system for the organization of maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery parts and the application of additive technologies to production. The study was carried out within the framework of the grant topic funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan AP23489364 «Use of additive technologies in the repair of agricultural machinery with process optimization through modeling and experimental research».

10.48081/BGQF1913

2026

Issue 1

One of the promising types for industrial application is high-class planar linkage mechanisms (HCM). The wide use of these mechanisms is hindered by the difficulty of kinematic analysis, particularly solving the position problem: given the position of the driving link, determine the coordinates and/or angular positions of the driven links for all existing assemblies. In the general case, for class II and HCM mechanisms, the system of kinematic equations is a system of trigonometric or algebraic equations. If for class II equations the system of kinematics equations can be solved analytically, then for HCM the system of kinematics equations cannot be solved analytically. This is due to the fact that class II mechanisms can be divided into a sequence of dyads, each of which is two equations with two unknowns that can be solved analytically, and it is impossible to divide the HCM into a sequence of dyads, and therefore various numerical methods have to be used to solve the problem of the positions of the HCM, the implementation of which is quite complex. a computational task. Therefore, automating the solution of HCM kinematics problems is an urgent task, the solution of which will make it possible to widely use HCM for various industrial applications. This article discusses the conceptual representation of high-class planar lever mechanisms as a system of material points with connections superimposed on it, which allows us to move on to algorithms for automatically deriving kinematics equations and determining the degree of mobility of the studied mechanisms.

10.48081/BGQF1906

2026

Issue 1

In the metalworking industry, the microbiological contamination of metalworking fluids (MWFs) and the subsequent formation of stable biofilms represent a significant technical challenge. This biological degradation leads to the deterioration of the operational properties of MWFs, induces severe corrosion, and causes accelerated mechanical wear of industrial equipment. It has been established that these processes directly impact the premature failure of precision components in modern computer numerical control (CNC) machines and result in a reduction of the overall quality of metal processing. To prevent the biological contamination of MWF circulation systems, research was conducted to evaluate the technological parameters and effectiveness of bactericidal Ta-Cu coatings produced via the magnetron sputtering method. The deposition process was performed using the EPOS-PVD-440 system across three distinct technological modes, utilizing high-purity tantalum and copper targets. The chemical composition of the resulting coatings was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). To assess the antimicrobial efficiency, a method of co-culturing the samples with bacterial suspensions followed by colony counting was employed. The research results confirmed the formation of a stable binary Ta-Cu system with an average mass concentration of 89.1% tantalum and 9.6% copper. All experimental samples exhibited significant bactericidal activity compared to the control group. Furthermore, the specific power consumption was calculated for various technological modes to evaluate the energy efficiency of the process. The findings justify that the application of bactericidal coatings to precision machine parts can extend the service life of MWFs and enhance the stability of the metalworking process.

10.48081/BGQF1912

2026

Issue 1

Modern requirements for the safe operation of tractors and self-propelled machines demand an accurate assessment of their lateral stability, especially when operating on slopes and rough terrain. The article discusses the design of a test bench equipped with a hydraulic tipping mechanism, which allows smooth adjustment of the platform angle and records the moment of stability loss for the equipment. The developed testing methodology includes a measurement algorithm, fixation of the vehicle position, registration of key parameters, and the construction of a mathematical model of the lifting mechanism, which enables calculation of the optimal placement of the hydraulic cylinder and ensures high measurement accuracy. The use of modern approaches in testing agricultural machinery allows reproducing real operating conditions and accounting for actual loads on assemblies and systems. At the same time, the assessment of the static stability angle on the bench is based on the coordinates of the center of gravity and the vehicle’s geometric parameters, such as track width, wheelbase, and mass distribution. Additionally, changes in wheel radii and displacement of the center of gravity vector are considered, allowing for accurate calculation of the stability moment when moving on a slope. Modern test benches are equipped with automated control systems, which allow conducting tests in automatic mode, recording dynamic and static parameters, and providing emergency shutdown in case of deviation from normal conditions. The use of energy-saving technologies in the bench design increases efficiency and reduces energy consumption. The development complies with GOST 12.2.019, GOST 33691-2015, and ISO 16231-2 requirements and can be used for developing normative testing methods for self-propelled machines and tractors.

10.48081/BGQF1929

2026

Issue 1