Excavators, powerful machines used extensively in construction and earthmoving, utilize buckets for digging, lifting, and material movement (soil, rocks, debris). Traditionally, attaching and detaching buckets involved manual labor (often two or more people), precise alignment, and various tools. This resulted in longer setup times and downtime compared to modern quick-release systems. Quick-release mechanisms, as their name suggests, significantly simplify and expedite excavator attachment changes. These devices considerably reduce bucket installation and removal times from the excavator boom, leading to increased overall work efficiency. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various excavator quick coupler designs through a comparative analysis. Factors like efficiency, reliability, performance, and safety will be assessed. Additionally, the study will investigate user-friendliness by collecting feedback from excavator operators experienced with both mounting methods.

https://doi.org/110.48081/PIJQ7782

2024

Issue 2

The performed studies have shown that there is a problem of mechanical processing of hard-to-process materials, in particular titanium alloys in the conditions of domestic machine-building industries. The most significant problem is the low productivity and high wear rate of the cutting tool when processing titanium alloys. Experimental studies have been conducted on the processing of titanium alloys by high-speed milling. It was found that during high-speed milling at spindle speeds exceeding nshp ≥6000-7000 rpm, wear of the cutting part of the tools is observed. This article presents the results of a study of the tool wear process during processing of titanium alloy VT1-0 using a special computer program DEFORM-3D. For modeling, the following processing modes were introduced n=12000 rpm, t= 1 mm, S=4500 mm/min. As a result, it was found that the intensity of wear depends mainly on the rotational speed of the end mill and the feed. And also, based on the results of this modeling, it is possible to extrapolate the time during which, under this milling mode, the carbide cutting inserts will reach a critical wear value. The research was carried out within the framework of grant № AR19174917 "Research and improvement of the quality of high-speed milling of hard-to-process materials by modeling the process and optimizing cutting modes".

https://doi.org/10.48081/WPVO6004

2024

Issue 2

The aim of this research was to enhance the efficiency of the plasma cutting machine by optimizing the drive's technological parameters. During the cutting process using the "Karplaz" plasma machine at "Classic-B" company, some inaccuracies were identified. In order to improve the machine, the design and features of its parts and assemblies were thoroughly investigated. The results of the conducted literary and experimental analysis showed that the formation of deburring is influenced by the cutting speed of the machine. The drive was calculated and the kinematic pair "gear-rack" was replaced. To avoid the need for expensive field experiments to determine the optimal technological parameters, the Autodesk Inventor Professional 11 software package, which includes a dynamic simulation module, was utilized. This software package allowed for the modeling of toothed pairs with different parameters (modulus m=4 mm, m=2.5 mm). With high accuracy (60c), the software calculated the speeds, accelerations, and the number of contacts that occur in a gear-rail pair during movement. This level of accuracy is crucial for the operation of a plasma cutting machine. Furthermore, the software enabled an evaluation of the efficiency of the upgraded plasma machine design and provided the capability to make necessary adjustments to ensure high cutting quality. Based on the results obtained from dynamic modeling, a full-scale experiment was conducted to validate the correctness of the technical decisions made.

https://doi.org/10.48081/HOVL2374

2024

Issue 2

This article presents the results of an experimental campaign that examined the effect of epoxy resin application on bare carbon textiles. To this end, the experimental campaign was undertaken involving a total of 6 specimens (3 bare textile and 3 coated). The main idea of the research is to examine the effectiveness of epoxy resin application on carbon textiles. The main outcome could be determined as follows: a noticeable reduction in maximum applied load observed by 60% and an increase in modulus of elasticity by 23%, which indicates a significant increase in reliability and robustness. However, the use of epoxy resin is associated with disadvantages, in particular with reduced flexibility, which limits its suitability for curved surfaces. The analysis of the nature of the fracture reveals the rupture of the material as the predominant result, confirming the successful impregnation of the epoxy resin to the textile. These results highlight the potential benefits of epoxy-coated textiles and the importance of considering specific application requirements in practical use.

https://doi.org/10.48081/MTZJ1510

2024

Issue 2

The article is an in-depth analysis of the production process of facing stone from durable rocks, especially granites. He considers not only mining technology, but also the development of new thermal tools used to effectively remove rocks during the processing, grinding and extraction of block stone. Rational methods of processing and extraction of block stone and the design of thermal devices for the destruction of hard rocks during processing and extraction of block stone are described. The methods and tools used to create such structures are discussed in detail, as well as the improved energy characteristics that make them an effective tool in production. This method helps to improve the overall productivity of the mining process by increasing the more accurate and efficient formation of cracks in rocks and, consequently, increasing the productivity of the block stone mining process. This aspect is especially important in the field of surface stone production, which requires high productivity and precision processing of the material. In addition, the analysis and developments presented in the article can significantly improve the efficiency of the mining and processing of rocks, which will contribute to the development of the industry and improve the quality of products. As a working body, a mechanized unit of a stone-cutting machine, new designs of thermal tools with high energy characteristics have been developed and manufactured.

https://doi.org/10.48081/MXXN9552

2024

Issue 2

Тhe protection durability and effectiveness with paints and varnishes is largely determined by the surface preparation quality before painting. The laborintensive work is surface preparing for applying paint and varnish coatings. The cost of surface preparing for painting can amount to 30-50% of the painting work’stotal cost, and in some cases even exceed the painting cost. Rust converters are becoming increasingly recognized in the equipment’santi-corrosion protection practice. Their use makes it possible in some cases to simplify the technology of coloring, reduce labor intensity, improve working conditions, prevent environmental pollution, increase the durability of paint coatings and reduce their consumption. One of the promising types of raw materials for the development of a new rust converter is gossypol resin, which is a large-tonnage waste from the oil and fat industry. The problem of increasing the reliability and durability of structures, equipment and various equipment in the engineering industry has acquired particular relevance at the present stage of production development. For this aim, we have developed a rust converter composition based on gossypol resin. The subject of the study was the regularity and change in the process of restoration and application using a rust converter primer to increase the durability of metal structures of industrial equipment in the machine-building industry and agricultural technology. Conducting scientific research in the direction of expanding the range of rust converters to protect equipment from corrosion is an urgent and practical task.

https://doi.org/10.48081/DCYE4461

2024

Issue 2

Fires at fuel and lubricants storage facilities pose a serious threat to safety and the environment due to the high degree of flammability of these materials, which underlines the importance of controlling their possible occurrence. The study focuses on the analysis of factors contributing to the occurrence of fires at the fuel depot of the Vostochny section in Ekibastuz. A comparative analysis of two groups of potential causes of fires was carried out using the STATISTICA software package. The first group includes meteorological conditions, the second - emergency situations such as static electricity discharge, diesel fuel leakage, mechanical damage and lightning discharge. Additionally, a comparative analysis was carried out, including multiple correlation, checking for the level of significance, analyzing the histogram of residues, checking for the normality of the distribution of residues, as well as plotting predicted values and residues. The result of the analysis is a regression equation that allows us to estimate the relationship between factors and the number of fires. It is noted that static electricity discharge, diesel fuel leakage, mechanical damage and lightning discharge have the greatest impact on the possibility of a fire. These factors should be taken into account when developing measures to prevent fires in a fuel warehouse. The regression equation will make it possible to predict the probability of fires based on the values of independent variables, which will ensure more effective planning and management of fire risks.

https://doi.org/10.48081/FKPV7337

2024

Issue 2

Today, most of the machine parts are machined with chip removal, 70-80% of which are turning. In this regard, the relevance of improving the process and tools for turning is one of the important tasks in modern mechanical engineering. Turning with rotary cutters allows you to increase the durability period of the cutting plate several times due to the uniform distribution of voltage, temperature and wear during the cutting process. The article presents a computer simulation of the turning process with a rotary cutter in the COMSOL Multiphisics program in the Solid Mechanics strength analysis module. The simulation consists in studying the stationary position of a round cutting plate made of T15K6 hard alloy, depending on the radius and angle of inclination of the cutting edge when processing a workpiece made of 45 Steel in order to substantiate the geometric parameters of the cutter. During the study, it was found that with an increase in the angle of inclination and diameter of the carbide plate, the contact area with the treated surface decreases and, accordingly, contact stresses, deformations, temperature, and wear decrease. Visual images of the voltage distribution in the cutting area, graphs of the dependence of the maximum voltage on the angle of rotation are presented.

https://doi.org/10.48081/XCYF9793

2024

Issue 2

Urban water supply as an important life support structure for strategic purposes is considered a determining component of human health protection, national security and socio-economic improvement of the state. At the same time, in many regions of Kazakhstan, the regulatory quality of drinking water is not observed due to the lack of economically convenient treatment technologies. The unsatisfactory technical condition of the water supply network, which leads to its chemical and bacterial contamination, as well as serious losses, leads to an increase in the level of groundwater, flooding of urban areas and destruction of underground structures. With the development of environmentally hazardous processes of hydraulic structures of water supply complexes and chlorine facilities, the risk of occurrence of emergency situations is very high. Kazakhstan is one of the countries experiencing high water stress, it ranks 60th out of 68 countries and is distinguished by poor water resources and associated ecological systems. The unequal distribution of fresh water throughout the country, seasonal and perennial instability of river flow, the formation of most of it outside the state, and pollution of water sources threaten further socio-economic development. Currently, the problem of water supply in the country still satisfies the sectors of the economy and the population, but it is clear that the problem of water supply is only exacerbated. Most of the water management structures were built in Soviet times, and they are now too worn out, both in real and moral terms. One of the most important and little-studied issues remains to support the uninterrupted supply of drinking water to consumers, ensuring environmental safety and the necessary levels of civil protection of urban areas and the population

https://doi.org/10.48081/GYGH5395

2024

Issue 2

The article discusses the designs of shredders and their working bodies. The results obtained made it possible to obtain dependences on the distribution of crushed pieces of christmas tree branches and bone residues on the dimensions and weight of waste feed materials, the cycle of contact of disc knives with raw materials. It was revealed that a significant part of the fragmented pieces of a christmas tree branch with a diameter of 6 mm is 27-30 mm (72%) in size. This was influenced by the fact that one disc knife with a thickness of 8 mm and a pitch between the cutting edges of 30 mm was used in the row. In the case of crushing a christmas tree branch or bone remains with a width equal to the thickness of 2-3 disc knives, uneven but finer crushing is observed due to a decrease in the distance between the edges of neighboring disc knives. Structural diagrams of the hierarchy V level of the system analysis of the process of destruction of feed raw materials of plant and animal origin are constructed, focusing on the design differences between the shredder and its disc knives. It was revealed that the main factors leading to the efficiency of the shredder are a decrease in the duration of incision formation and cracking in the pieces being crushed; a change in the design of disc knives by reducing the step between the edges and increasing the thickness of disc knives.

https://doi.org/10.48081/CPTR3341

2024

Issue 2