As the technical parameters of conveyor systems for transporting agricultural raw materials develop, the quality of grain gradually improves, the efficiency of the complex design of the belt conveyor increases, the costs of loading operations are reduced, and continuous loading and unloading systems are improved. The purpose of the article is to study the efficiency of transportation and the productivity of the process of moving grain cargo, with the improvement of the design and technological scheme of the belt conveyor when clogged with grain dust. Using methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison, the basic concepts and applied studies of the performance of a belt conveyor according to operating parameters were investigated to substantiate optimal design and technological actions that ensure a reduction in energy intensity and substantiate the economic efficiency of agricultural production, assessing the quality of the crop directly in the post-harvest cycle of grain production. The results indicate that the study made it possible to determine the dynamic loads that lead to failures of conveyor elements, clogging of roller supports with dust, and belt ruptures. The possibility of implementing processes for cleaning bulk grain cargo during transportation, storage and processing of a batch of grain to prevent additional dust formation is considered, because a small part of the outer surface of each grain is erased. A review and analysis of research into existing technologies showed the impact of design features on the productivity and quality of grain transportation. Modification of the rollers on the ascending branch of the belt working body reduces grain losses on both sides when sliding on the drive drum.

https://doi.org/10.48081/XRTS6041

2025

Issue 1

The article is devoted to the main directions of increasing the service life and wear resistance of machines and materials used in the mining and processing industry of Kazakhstan.The article discusses the processes and technology of flame deposition of metal powders, and establishes promising modern gas-thermal methods for creating a hardened surface layer of machine parts. Based on the conducted studies of the gas-thermal method of applying wear-resistant coatings, a new design of the impeller of a centrifugal ground pump has been developed. As a result of the feasibility study of the use of gas-thermal surfacing, the efficiency of using plasma jets of electric arc plasmatrons with a power from 10 to 60 kW, providing adhesion strength up to 500 MPa and an economic efficiency coefficient of 0.56, has been established. The angles of entry and exit of the blades profiled in a brachystochrone and a logarithmic spiral have been optimized, which reduces the impact of solid particles. The use of a self-fluxing PG-Zh 40 alloy with chromium boride CrB2 significantly increases the service life of pumps. Data on the service life of pump parts in various operating conditions are presented, as well as research results confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method. The resulting developments can be applied not only in the mining industry, but also in the oil and gas, construction and metallurgical industries, where equipment is subjected to intense wear.

https://doi.org/10.48081/PCLU8470

2025

Issue 1

The article reflects the problems associated with the pollution of water resources of the Republic of Kazakhstan by solid household waste. Mainly plastic. The author conducts research work within the framework of state funding under the program "Tauelsizdik urpaktary". The project is being implemented on the territory of the NAO "Toraigyrov University". The work involves the development of a device for cleaning garbage from reservoirs on the basis of a pontoon vessel with an electric drive and solar panels. The use of an electrically powered vessel will increase the efficiency of cleaning coastal areas of reservoirs, as well as their cleanliness. The aim of the work is to develop and manufacture a prototype of a pontoon vessel with equipment for cleaning reservoirs from garbage and algae, with an electric motor and solar power panels, having access to reservoirs located in protected areas, with subsequent commercialization. Admission to the reservoirs of nature protection zones has a competitive advantage, since the use of power plants on traditional fuels in these territories is prohibited. Solar power panels allow you to use the complex continuously without recharging from the mains. The analysis of analogues of the developed vessel is given, layout schemes are presented, design features are described, statistical data on the amount of solid household waste are presented.

https://doi.org/10.48081/FKBH7323

2024

Issue 4

The article focuses on the results of a study of the effect of electroslag surfacing modes on the penetration depth of restored teeth, conducted on the basis of a full factorial experiment (FFE) type 22. The welding current and the voltage on the slag bath were selected as factors. Each experiment was repeated three times, and the results were analyzed to build a regression model that takes into account all interactions of factors. The article describes in detail the process of encoding variable factors, constructing a planning matrix, calculating the coefficients of the regression equation and checking them for significance using the Student's criterion. The adequacy of the experiment was confirmed by calculations using the Fisher criterion (Fcalculated<Ftable). According to the results of the experiment, it was found that the stress on the slag bath has the most significant effect on the total depth of penetration. The optimal mode has been determined (welding current 400 A and voltage on the slag bath 45 V), which provides the required penetration depth (46.3 mm) of a large-modulus tooth. The convergence of the results of the full-scale test with the results of planning a full factor experiment of type 22 was revealed, which made it possible to determine the optimal surfacing mode. This study can be used to optimize the parameters of electroslag surfacing, which will lead to an increase in the quality and efficiency of restoration of worn teeth.

https://doi.org/10.48081/SAVK7252

2024

Issue 4

This article provides an analysis of previous research in the field of development of milling cutting devices for cutting used asphalt. The kinematic parameters of the working body of the attachments, the physical and mechanical properties of asphalt, and the design parameters of the working body are considered. Based on a mathematical model compiled on the basis of a system of equations describing the movement of a hinged working body, its optimal parameters have been developed. Mathematical modeling of the milling working body of bucket excavators is an important tool for optimizing and improving the excavation process. Modeling allows you to take into account various parameters such as bucket size, rotation speed, cutting depth, angle of attack and other factors that affect the productivity and quality of the working body. Using mathematical models, it is possible to optimize the shape and design of the milling working body in order to increase its efficiency and reduce wear. Modeling also allows the analysis of stresses and deformations in the working body, which improves its strength and durability. One of the main tasks of mathematical modeling of a milling working body is to optimize the cutting process in order to achieve maximum productivity with minimal energy consumption and equipment wear.

https://doi.org/10.48081/PKOJ7473

2024

Issue 4

This article proposes an energy-technological criterion for evaluating the efficiency of a Ferroalloy electric furnace. Its physical essence lies in the fact that, taking into account heat loss and the degree of extraction of the leading element into the alloy, it determines the proportion of energy received from the current source, the useful part of which is the carbon-thermal ore reduction process of ferroalloy production (ferrosilicon, ferrochrome, ferromanganese). Using the example of obtaining various grades of ferrosilicon, the results of analyzing the parameters of melting ferroalloys in electric furnaces by a carbon thermal process using energy-technological criteria for the operation of a ferroalloy furnace are presented. It is shown that with an increase in the values of the energy-technological criterion of the ferroalloy furnace, the specific energy consumption per 1 ton of alloy decreases. For an electric furnace of medium power melting 75% ferrosilicon, the values of the energy technology criterion of the ferroalloy furnace correspond to the range from 0.300 to 0.314. At the same time, the specific power consumption ranges from 9.0 to 8.6 MWh/ton of alloy. A satisfactory, but more efficient version of the furnace operation is the range of energy technology measurements from 0.272 to 0.293, at which the specific power consumption varies from 9.8 to 9.2 MWh/t. Such a complex value as an energy technological measurement can be considered as the main element of the energy and technological audit of a ferroalloy furnace unit, as well as used to determine the effective operating modes of furnaces, analyze the use of various types of charge materials (ore raw materials, carbon reductants) and innovative melting technologies

https://doi.org/10.48081/GNWN1428

2024

Issue 4

In this work, copolymers were obtained and a method for their synthesis was developed. Various fillers were selected to produce a polymer coating – microsilica and titanium dioxide. A new formulation of a protective polymer coating based on copolymers with corrosive properties has been developed. The possibility of using these polymer coatings in order to protect non-metallic surfaces of various products from the effects of aggressive media is given. The physicochemical properties of non-metallic samples (concretes) with a protective polymer coating, freshly prepared and aged for three months, namely water absorption and compressive strength, were determined. So, for samples with a polymer coating, after three months of exposure above the compressive strength is 93.3 kgf /cm2, for freshly prepared samples – 53.0 kgf /cm2. The same pattern is observed in aged and freshly prepared samples after water absorption (75.2 kgf/cm2 versus 24.0 kgf/cm2, respectively). The percentage of water absorption in aged samples is 0.0-11.63, except for the sample with a combined polymer coating of series 1 (water absorption is 23.28%). The percentage of water absorption of freshly prepared samples is 4.8-15.1, which is within good limits. At the same time, samples with a polymer coating and a microsilicon filler (series 3) and a combined polymer coating of series 3 have a minimum water absorption (4.8%).

https://doi.org/10.48081/POZA4679

2024

Issue 4

The article analyzes the effective input and output parameters of surface plasma hardening of railway wheels. Surface plasma quenching is considered as a complex technological process in which all internal and external parameters are interconnected and the choice of values of controlled parameters must be made taking into account these interrelated and interdependent relationships. The structural scheme of the surface plasma hardening technology for the production of solid-rolled railway wheels is considered, which is the basis for creating an integrated technological site in the current production process. Important parameters of the surface plasma hardening process are the maximum heating temperature of the surface layer and the cooling rate of the surface layer. The railway wheel includes the current and voltage, grade and consumption of plasma-forming gas, the angle of sharpening of the electrode, the diameter of the ceramic nozzle, the distance between the nozzle section and the surface of the processed material, the rotation speed of the wheelset, the grade of steel and its physic-mechanical properties. These parameters are variable, so they can be varied when developing plasma hardening technology. As output parameters of the surface plasma hardening process, in relation to railway wheels), the following are used: hardness of the hardened layer; crack resistance; depth of the hardened zone; width of the hardened zone; residual stresses in the hardened layer, the quality of the hardened surface and its roughness.

https://doi.org/10.48081/EBIP6992

2024

Issue 4

This article presents the research results of the changes dependence in the magnetic properties of 25CrMoV steel on the degree of products stress-strain state. This phenomenon of influence allows non-destructive detection of the steel products loading degree by determining magnetic characteristics such as coercive force and residual magnetic induction. These parameters are the main indicators of intensity and magnetization for the hysteresis loop of steels. Changes in magnetic characteristics during plastic deformation are due to the formation of the martensite phase. The effect of deformation causes the formation of the martensite phase due to the decomposition of austenite, which leads to significant changes in the physical properties of the material. Control of the stress-strain state of steel based on measuring the coercive force and residual magnetic induction in the controlled steel has a high potential for development and application. The data obtained prove that the coercive force and residual magnetic induction are a reliable informative parameter for magnetic non-destructive testing.

https://doi.org/10.48081/DLRF5238

2024

Issue 4

The study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of micro- and macrostructural inhomogeneities in ingot cortical zones and their transformation into surface defects during heating, plastic deformation, and rolling. We developed and applied methods for analyzing macro- and microstructural as well as chemical inhomogeneities in ingots and finished rolled products. A comparative method for structural and concentration analysis of metal at all stages of metallurgical processing, from ingot to sheet metal, was proposed. This method utilizes metallographic techniques to study structure and qualitatively analyze nonmetallic inclusions. The results revealed that surface quality of sheet metal is significantly influenced by physical heterogeneity in the ingot crust zone, while internal defects in thin-sheet metal are largely determined by metal contamination with nonmetallic inclusions. A novel mechanism for defect transformation in the casting crust zone into surface and internal defects in sheet metal was proposed. This research deepens our understanding of defect formation and transformation processes in metal processing and contributes to the development of strategies to improve rolled product quality. Particular attention is paid to controlling ingot crust zone physical inhomogeneity and minimizing nonmetallic inclusion contamination to achieve highquality rolled steel.

https://doi.org/10.48081/WUSE7267

2024

Issue 4